Insulin resistance and glycation are interconnected processes that significantly impact joint health, leading to degeneration and the formation of bone spurs. Insulin resistance is a condition where cells in the body become less responsive to the hormone insulin, which is crucial for regulating blood glucose levels. When cells do not respond effectively to insulin, blood glucose levels remain high, prompting the pancreas to produce more insulin. Over time, this can lead to chronic hyperglycemia,

Insulin Signaling