Background A 37-year-old female presented with pain in the right lower lateral abdomen. She had experienced a ureteral stone in the past. Investigations Serum electrolyte levels, blood urea nitrogen, ...

Medically known as ureterolithiasis, ureteral stone disease is characterized by the formation of calculi (i.e. stones) in the kidneys and obstructing the ureters. The ureters are the slender muscular ...

Introduction: As a clinically common urinary system disease, ureteral calculus mainly manifests as hematuria and colicky pain. Aim: We aimed to explore the influence of the “five-in-one” mode on ...

Although adverse effects of severe kyphoscoliosis upon thoracic organs have been well publicised, the impact of severe spinal deformity upon the kidneys has not received attention. We report a patient ...