Every horse owner is familiar with the ubiquitous flexion test, which veterinarians regularly employ to exacerbate baseline lameness and reveal unknown internal issues in horses. No standard duration, ...

"A thorough lameness exam usually includes limb flexion tests to evaluate for gait changes when joints are stressed in a flexed position," remarked Amy Armentrout, DVM, MS, Dipl. ACVS, of Burleson ...

Most horse owners will be familiar with the flexion test. It involves bending all the joints in a horse’s leg, holding the leg fixed in this flexed position for a period of time and then trotting the ...

There’s a particular point in the pre-purchase examination (PPE) where both buyer and seller wait with bated breath. After a short period with one leg held aloft, will the horse trot away sound — or ...

Study design: Prospective comparative study. Objective: To determine whether control of upper limb joint synergy during unrestrained arm raising involving shoulder and elbow flexion is modified by ...